英语中的介词,副词,连词分别是什么意思请用通俗的
副词修饰形容词,连词连接两个并列成分.介词放在不及物动词之后.
英语连词是什么意思
连词是一种虚词,用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子,在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子,如and,but,or,for等;从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句等),引出名词性从句的连词如that,whether等,引出状语从句的连词如when,because,since,if等。
二、并列连词的用法
◆1.表示转折关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有but,yet等。如:
Someoneborrowedmypen,butIdon’trememberwho.有人借了我的钢笔,但我不记得是谁了。
Hesaidhewasourfriend,yethewouldn’thelpus.他说他是我们的朋友,但却不肯帮助我们。
◆2.表示因果关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有for,so等。如:
Thechildhadabadcough,sohismothertookhimtothedoctor.这孩子咳得很利害,所以他妈妈带他去看医生。
Youaresupposedtogetridofcarelessness,foritoftenleadstoseriouserrors.你们一定要克服粗枝大叶,因为粗枝大叶常常引起严重的错误。
注意:for表示结果通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用。
◆3.表示并列关系的并列连词。这类连词主要有and,or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…but(also),both…and,aswellas等。如:
Hedidn’tgoandshedidn’tgoeither.他没去,她也没去。
Theweatherismildtoday;itisneitherhotnorcold.今天天气很温暖,不冷也不热。
BothNewYorkandLondonhavetrafficproblems.纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。
Itisimportantforyouaswellasforme.这对你和对我都很重要。
Peoplewhoareeitherunderageoroveragemaynotjointhearmy.年龄不到或者超龄的人都不得参军。
三、从属连词的用法
◆1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词
(1)表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词。主要的when,while,as,whenever。如:
Don’ttalkwhileyou’reeating.吃饭时不要说话。
Vegetablesarebestwhentheyarefresh.蔬菜新鲜时最好吃。
HecamejustasIwasleaving.我正要走时他来了。
(2)表示“在…之前(或之后)”的时间连词。主要的有before,after。如:
Trytofinishyourworkbeforeyouleave.离开前设法把工作做完。
Afterwehavefinishedtea,wewillsitonthegrass.喝完茶之后我们将坐在草地上。
(3)表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词。主要的有since,until,till。如:
She’sbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.她从八岁起就打网球了。
HoldonuntilIfetchhelp.坚持一下,等我找人来帮忙。
Nevertroubletroubletilltroubletroublesyou.(谚)不要无事惹事。
(4)表示“一…就”的时间连词。主要的有assoonas,themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,once,nosooner…than,hardly…when等。如:
I’llletyouknowassoonasIhearfromher.我一接她的信就通知你。
ThemomentIhavefinishedI’llgiveyouacall.我一干完就给你打电话。
IcameimmediatelyIheardthenews.我一听到这个消息,马上就来了。
Onceyoubeginyoumustcontinue.你一旦开始,便不可停下来。
(5)表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词。主要的有everytime(每次),eachtime(每次),(the)nexttime(下次),anytime(随时),(the)lasttime(上次),thefirsttime(第一次)。如:
I’lltellhimaboutit(the)nexttimeIseehim.我下一次见到他时,我就把这个情况告诉他。
Weloseafewskincellseverytimewewashourhands.每当我们洗手的时候,我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。
Youcancallmeanytimeyouwantto.你随时都可以给我打电话。
注意:everytime,eachtime,anytime前不用冠词,(the)nexttime,(the)lasttime中的冠词可以省略,而thefirsttime中的冠词通常不能省略。
◆2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if,unless,as[so]longas,incase等。如:
DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?我开窗你不介意吧?
Don’tcomeunlessItelephone.除非我打电话,否则你别来。
Aslongasyou’rehappy,itdoesn’tmatterwhatyoudo.只要你高兴,你做什么都没关系。
Incaseitrainstheywillstayathome.万一下雨,他们就呆在家里。
注意:在条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态。不过,有时表示条件的if之后可能用will,但那不是将来时态,而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。如:
Ifyouwillsitdownforafewmoments,I’lltellthemanageryou’rehere.请稍坐,我这就通知经理说您来了。
◆3.引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要的有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfear等。如:
Heraisedhisvoicesothateveryonecouldhear.他提高了嗓音,以便每个人都能听见。
Takeyourumbrella(just)incaseitrains.带上雨伞,以防下雨。
Sherepeatedtheinstructionsslowlyinorderthatheshouldunderstand.她把那些指示慢慢重复了一遍好让他听明白。
◆4.引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要的有sothat,so…that,such…that等。如:
IwenttothelectureearlysothatIgotagoodseat.我去听演讲去得很早,所以找个好座位。
IhadsomanyfallsthatIwasblackandblueallover.我摔了许多跤,以致于全身都是青一块紫一块的。
Heshutthewindoe.因为他病了,他大概不会来了。
Nowthatshehasapologized,Iamcontent.既然她已经道了歉,我也就满意了。
◆6.引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要的有although,though,eventhough,evenif,while,however,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever等。如:
Althoughtheyaretwins,theylookentirelydifferent.他们虽是孪生,但是相貌却完全不同。
Ilikehereventhoughshecanbeannoying.尽管她有时很恼人,但我还是喜欢她。
Youwon’tmovethatstone,howeverstrongyouare.不管你力气多大,也休想搬动那块石头。
Whateverwehaveachieved,weowetoyoursupport.我们取得的一切成就都归功于你们的支持。
Whoeveryouare,youcan’tpassthisway.不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。
WheneverIseehimIspeaktohim.每当我见到他,我都和他讲话。
◆7.引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要的有as,asif,asthough,theway等。如:
Whydidn’tyoucatchthelastbusasItoldyouto?你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢?
Hebenttheironbarasifithadbeenmadeofrubber.他将铁棍折弯,仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。
Nobodyelselovesyoutheway(=as)Ido.没有人像我这样爱你。
◆8.引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要的有where,wherever,everywhere,anywhere等。如:
ThechurchwasbuiltwheretherehadoncebeenaRomantemple.这座教堂盖在一座罗马寺庙的旧址。
I’lltakeyouanywhereyoulike.你想到哪儿我就带你到哪儿。
EverywhereIgo,Ifindthesamething.不管我走到哪里,我都发现同样情况。
◆9.引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要的有than和as…as。如:
Shewasnowhappierthanshehadeverbeen.现在她比过去任何时候都快活。
Iglancedatmywatch.ItwasearlierthanIthought.我看了看表,时间比我想像的早。
Hedoesn’tworkashardasshedoes.他工作不像她那样努力。
◆10.引起名词从句的从属连词。主要有that,whether,if等,它们用于引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。其中that不仅没不充当句子成分,而且没有词义,在句子中只起连接作用;而if,whether虽不充当句子成分,但有词义,即表示“是否”。如:
Herepliedthathewasgoingbytrain.他回答说他将坐火车去。
Iwonderifit’slargeenough.我不知道它是否够大。
IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.我为是否伤了她的感情而担心
英语中的连词指的是哪些啊?
1)表层次:
first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place
second,secondly, to start with, still, furthermore
third,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least
also, and then, next, besides
and equally important too moreover
besides in addtion finally
2)表转折;
by contrast although though yet
at the same time but despitethe fact that even so
in contrast nevertheless even though for all that
notwithstanding on the contarary however in spite of
on the other hand otherwise instead still
regardless
3)表因果;
therfore consequently because of for the reason
thus hence due to owing to
so accordingly thanks to on this account
since as on that account in this way
for as a result as a consequence
4)表让步:
still nevertheless concession granted naturally
in spite of all the same of course despite
even so after all
5)表递近:
furthermore moreover likewise what is more
besides also not only...but also...
too in addtion
6)表举例:
for example for instance for one thing that is
to illustrate as an illustration a case in point
7)表解释:
as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely
in other words
8)表总结:
in summary in a word thus as has been said
in brief in conclusion altogether in other words
to conclude in fact finally in simpler terms
indeed in short in particular that is
in other words of course on the whole to put it differently
namely in all therefore to summarize
祝学习进步。but ,however,yet,although,on the contrary,while ,and, then, first second,or,not only...but also...,both...and...,neither...nor... 常见的表示语义引申的并列连词有:1.and Justice is on your side. And...and but 之类连接两个句子或是词语的
什么是连词?
连词的种类很多,主要有以下几类:
一、并列连词
1、表示对等关系的并列连词。使用该类并列连词时必须保持结构对等,词性统一,在句子中要使用对等成分,不可失之偏颇。常用的该类连词有:and,either...or,neither...nor,as well as,both...and,not only...but also。如:
This is an old clock that is not only very handsome but also accurate.
2、表示选择关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有:or,or else,otherwise,rather than,either...or。如:
You should get the license right away,or you'll have to pay a fine.
3、表示转折和对比关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有:but,while,whereas,yet,however,nevertheless,on the other hand,on the contrary。如:
She is a funny girl,yet you can't help liking her.
4、表示因果关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有:so,for,therefore,hence,thus,consequently,accordingly。如:
It was raining heavily,so the sports meeting was postponed.
二、从属连词
1、引导时间状语的从属连词。该类连词除一些常用的外,还包括:as soon as,the moment(一……就……),the minute,the instant,once, immediately(一……就……),no sooner...than
(一……就……),hardly...when(刚……就……)。
He told me the news immediately he got it.
2、引导地点状语的从属连词。该类连词有两个:where和wherever。如:
Where there is a life,there is a hope.
3、引导条件状语的从属连词。该类连词除
if,unless和if only(要是……就好了),还有:
provided(that),providing(that),supposing(that),
suppose,in case(that),as long as(只要),on condition that。如:
If only I had more money,I could buy some new clothes.
4、引导目的状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:so that,that,in order that,lest,for fear that, in case(that)。例如:
She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.
5、引导原因状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:as,because,since,in that, now that(既然),seeing that(鉴于)。例如:
Seeing that it is eight o'clock,we'll wait no longer.
6、引导比较状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:as,as...as,less(more)... than,the more...the more。例如:
The more we can do for you,the happier we will be.
7、引导方式状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:as,as if(好像),as though(好像)。例如:
Heat can flow from a hot body to a cooler body as if it were a fluid.
8、引导结果状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:so...that,such...that,so(that)。例如:
He is such an honest man that everyone would like to trust him.
9、引导让步状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:though,although,even if,even though, while,as,whatever,however,whoever,no matter...(不管)。例如:
Hard as he tried,he failed to pass the exam.
三、连接代词和连接副词
这类词用来引导名词性从句。连接代词有:that(不充当成分),which,what,who,whose等;连接副词有:when,where,how,why等。
四、关系代词和关系副词
这类词用来引导定语从句。关系代词包括:who,that,which,as,whose,whom等。关系副词包括:when,where,why,how等。关系代词和关系副词起着三重作用:其一,它们连接着主句和从句;其二,它们代表着主句的一个先行词(which和as还可以代表主句中的一个词组或整个句子);其三,它们又在从句中充当成分。
参考资料: 连词是一种虚词, 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如:and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, ...